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The star charts are maps of the sky overhead. For months with Daylight Savings Time, star chart times are an hour later. The Star Finder charts show the sky at about 10 PM for the first of the month, 9 PM for the middle of the month, and 8 PM for the last of the month. (Charts are from The Griffith Observer magazine.) The farther north you are, the more the constellations will be shifted south from the Star Finder charts. The Star Finder charts are for a latitude of 34° N, which is about as far north of the equator as Los Angeles, California. Also, as Earth rotates on its axis toward the east throughout the hours of the night, the whole sky seems to shift toward the west. That is why we have a different Star Finder for each month, as different constellations come into view. We see different views of the Universe from where we live as Earth makes its yearly trip around the solar system.

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Even the Apollo astronauts going to the Moon had to know how to navigate by the stars in case their navigation instruments failed. Sailors have steered their ships by the stars. So, since humans first noticed the night sky they have navigated by the stars. During one human lifetime, they change hardly at all. Because they are so far away, the shapes and positions of the constellations in Earth's sky change very, very slowly. Yet they all appear from Earth to have the same brightness.Įven the closest star is almost unimaginably far away. And Mintaka at the right side of the belt is 916 light years away.

(A light year is the distance light travels in one Earth year, almost 6 trillion miles!) Alnilam, the star in the middle of the belt, is 1340 light years away. For example, Alnitak, the star at the left side of Orion's belt, is 817 light years away. Other than making a pattern in Earth's sky, these stars may not be related at all. For example, Orion is a group of stars that the Greeks thought looked like a giant hunter with a sword attached to his belt. If you join the dots-stars, that is-and use lots of imagination, the picture would look like an object, animal, or person. Or, just find any constellation!Ī constellation is group of stars like a dot-to-dot puzzle. In this case, just try to find the constellation that is nearest to the part of the sky you picked. Open the panel to see the name of a constellation (highlighted in red) she will try to find in the sky for this month.įor some of the months, not every part of the Star Finder may show a highlighted constellation for you to find. For example, if he chose 'Lyra,' you would open and close the Star Finder 4 times, once for each letter: L - Y - R - A.Īsk the player again to pick one of the four constellations visible. This time, open and close the Star Finder once for each letter to spell out his choice. To understand that a star is evolving in this diagram during its life.Then, ask the person to look inside the Star Finder and pick one of the four visible constellations.To know how to read a HR diagram and draw the useful information about a star (mass, brightness, size, age.To read a diagram in logarithmic scale.

Astrophysics lectures - University of Montreal : (in french).

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Stellar Structure and Evolution Simulator :.

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Stellarium constellation art by Johan Meuris : distribuées sous licence Free Art License ().

The radius of the stars is expressed in comparison with the radius of the Sun (R⊙). Luminosity is expressed in solar light (L⊙). Such a diagram is a powerful analytical tool because it allows one to draw conclusions about the mass, size, chemical composition, age and evolutionary stage of a star.

The area of white dwarfs (very hot but rather dark).

The area of red giants (very bright but rather 'cold').

The main sequence that includes a large majority of the population of stars.

He thus identifies three settlement areas: Russell publishes an article in Nature in 1914 where he notes that stars do not place themselves randomly in his graph. By making such a graph for a cluster of stars, H.N. In this graphic construction, each star is a point marked on the ordinate by its brightness (luminosity or absolute magnitude) and on the abscissa by its spectral type (or surface temperature). The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (or HR diagram) is constructed in logarithmic coordinates.

Star chart maker